← Apple

Apple silicon

The chips behind everything else on these pages. Apple has designed its own processors since the A4 in 2010 and now builds the whole range — the M-series for Macs and iPads, the A-series for iPhones, and a set of specialised chips for the Watch, AirPods, Vision Pro and more. Each row lists the manufacturing process, the core counts and headline features, the transistor count where Apple has published it, and the year.

Core counts list the highest configuration of each chip; lower-binned versions ship too. “Process” is the TSMC node it’s built on. Transistor counts are Apple’s own figures where disclosed, and “—” where they aren’t. B = billion.

M-series — Mac & iPad

ChipProcessCores & featuresTransistorsYear
M1 5nm 8-core CPU (4P+4E), up to 8-core GPU, 16-core Neural Engine — the first Mac chip 16B 2020
M1 Pro 5nm Up to 10-core CPU, 16-core GPU, more memory bandwidth 33.7B 2021
M1 Max 5nm 10-core CPU, up to 32-core GPU, 400GB/s memory 57B 2021
M1 Ultra 5nm Two M1 Max fused via UltraFusion — 20-core CPU, up to 64-core GPU 114B 2022
M2 5nm 8-core CPU, up to 10-core GPU, higher memory bandwidth than M1 20B 2022
M2 Pro 5nm Up to 12-core CPU, 19-core GPU 40B 2023
M2 Max 5nm 12-core CPU, up to 38-core GPU, up to 96GB memory 67B 2023
M2 Ultra 5nm Two M2 Max fused — 24-core CPU, up to 76-core GPU, up to 192GB 134B 2023
M3 3nm 8-core CPU, 10-core GPU, hardware ray tracing — first 3nm PC chip 25B 2023
M3 Pro 3nm Up to 12-core CPU, 18-core GPU 37B 2023
M3 Max 3nm Up to 16-core CPU, 40-core GPU, up to 128GB memory 92B 2023
M3 Ultra 3nm Two M3 Max fused — 32-core CPU, up to 80-core GPU, up to 512GB 184B 2025
M4 3nm Up to 10-core CPU, 10-core GPU, much faster Neural Engine 28B 2024
M4 Pro 3nm Up to 14-core CPU, 20-core GPU, Thunderbolt 5 2024
M4 Max 3nm Up to 16-core CPU, 40-core GPU, up to 128GB memory 2024
M5 3nm 10-core CPU, 10-core GPU with per-core neural accelerators 2025

A-series — iPhone & iPad

ChipProcessCores & featuresTransistorsYear
A4 45nm Single-core CPU — Apple’s first in-house SoC, debuted in the iPad 2010
A5 45nm Dual-core CPU and GPU — powered the iPhone 4S and the original iPad mini 2011
A6 32nm First fully custom CPU cores (“Swift”), in the iPhone 5 2012
A7 28nm First 64-bit smartphone chip (“Cyclone”), Secure Enclave debut >1B 2013
A8 20nm Dual-core, big GPU jump — iPhone 6, later the HomePod and Apple TV HD ~2B 2014
A9 14/16nm Dual-core, big performance leap — iPhone 6s and the first iPhone SE >2B 2015
A10 Fusion 16nm First big.LITTLE design — 2 performance + 2 efficiency cores 3.3B 2016
A11 Bionic 10nm Six-core CPU and the first Neural Engine — powered Face ID on iPhone X 4.3B 2017
A12 Bionic 7nm First 7nm phone chip, 8-core Neural Engine 6.9B 2018
A13 Bionic 7nm Six-core CPU, big efficiency gains — iPhone 11 8.5B 2019
A14 Bionic 5nm First 5nm phone chip, 16-core Neural Engine 11.8B 2020
A15 Bionic 5nm Six-core CPU, up to 5-core GPU — long-lived, used across four iPhone lines 15B 2021
A16 Bionic 4nm Six-core CPU, faster memory — the iPhone 14 Pro’s Dynamic Island chip 16B 2022
A17 Pro 3nm First 3nm phone chip, hardware ray tracing, USB 3 — iPhone 15 Pro 19B 2023
A18 3nm Six-core CPU, Apple Intelligence-ready Neural Engine — iPhone 16 2024
A18 Pro 3nm Faster GPU with ray tracing, more memory bandwidth — iPhone 16 Pro 2024
A19 / A19 Pro 3nm Latest generation — iPhone 17, Air and 17 Pro 2025

Specialised chips

ChipFamilyWhat it doesDebutYear
S1 – S10 Watch System-in-package powering the Apple Watch — the whole computer on one module Apple Watch 2015–
W1 – W3 Wireless Fast Bluetooth pairing and power efficiency for early AirPods and Watch AirPods 2016–
H1 / H2 Audio Headphone chip for AirPods — audio processing, ANC, “Hey Siri,” low latency AirPods (2nd gen) 2018–
U1 UWB Ultra-wideband radio for Precision Finding — spatial awareness for AirTag & iPhone iPhone 11 2019
R1 Vision Real-time sensor processor in Vision Pro — streams cameras & sensors with ~12ms latency Vision Pro 2024
C1 Modem Apple’s first in-house 5G cellular modem, replacing Qualcomm iPhone 16e 2025